Assessing E-CHAIM ionospheric model with the SuperDARN radars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Empirical-Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (E-CHAIM) has been shown to reasonably reproduce important general features of the electron density distribution in the high-latitude ionosphere such as solar cycle and seasonal variations of the F layer peak and the location of the ionospheric trough. The utility of the model for practical applications, such as predictions of HF radio wave propagation, is less clear. In this study, we consider ground-scatter (GS) data for three SuperDARN radars at various latitudes to compare the observed skip distance against ray tracings based on E-CHAIM predictions. Monthly-averaged GS band locations in 2010-2018 are computed for every half-hour of the day, and are correlated with modelled skip distances. We show that the agreement is better during summer months and we discuss the quality of predictions at various latitudes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".