Strontium signal lag in otoliths of juvenile sockeye salmon (<i> Oncorhynchus nerka</i>) during transition from the freshwater to marine environments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The shift in strontium (Sr) concentrations in fish otoliths is a commonly used proxy for identification of marine environment entry during diadromous migrations. However, there is still controversy about the appearance of the Sr-based sea entry mark relative to the true point of entry. In this study, the Sr signal lag was assessed in otoliths of juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) under experimental conditions replicating the transition to seawater during juveniles’ seaward migration. A Sr signal delay was observed to average at 8.2 (SD = 5.1) days for fish with a body length of 140–170 mm (and a weight of 30–70 g). This lag may be species-specific and should be taken into consideration when estimating marine entry timing and marine residence duration of juvenile salmon.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".