Regular bedtimes among children aged 5–17 years: United States, 2020
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Key findings Data from the National Health Interview Survey - In 2020, 84.4% of children aged 5-17 years had a regular bedtime every day or most days during a typical school week. - Children aged 12-17 years (78.9%) were less likely than children aged 5-11 years (89.6%) to have a regular bedtime every day or most days in a typical school week. - Just over three-quarters of children living in families with a single parent and those with incomes less than 100% of the federal poverty level had a regular bedtime every day or most days in a typical school week. - Children with a regular bedtime every day or most days were about one-half as likely (5.9%) to be tired during the day every day or most days compared with children with a regular bedtime on some days or never (13.0%). The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends 9-12 hours of sleep for children aged 6-12 years and 8-10 hours for those aged 13-18 (1), yet only two-thirds of children meet these recommendations (2). This report uses 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data to describe regular bedtimes, defined as going to sleep at the same time most days or every day in a typical school week, among children aged 5-17 years. Estimates are presented by sociodemographic characteristics, family type, Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), family income, and urbanicity of residence. Suggested citation: Ng AE, Adjaye-Gbewonyo D, Black LI. Regular bedtimes among children aged 5–17 years: United States, 2020. NCHS Data Brief, no 437. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2022. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:117489. CS331646 db437.pdf
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".