Integrated scheduling of machines and automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in flexible job shop environment using genetic algorithms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this research integrated scheduling of machines and automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in a flexible job shop environment is addressed. The scheduling literature generally ignores the transportation of jobs between the machines and when considered typically assumes an unlimited number of AGVs. In order to comply with Industry 4.0 requirements, today’s manufacturing systems make use of AGVs to transport jobs between the machines. The addressed problem involves simultaneous assignment of operations to one of the alternative machines, determining the sequence of operations on each machine and assignment of transportation operations between machines to an available AGV. We present a Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet-based solution for the problem. Evolver®, a proprietary GA is used for the optimization. The GA routine works as an add-in to the spreadsheet environment. The flexible job shop model is developed in Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet. The assignment of AGV is independent of the GA routine and is done by the spreadsheet model while the GA finds the assignment of operations to the machines and then finds the best sequence of operations on each machine. Computational analysis demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively and efficiently solve a wide range of problems with reasonable accuracy. Benchmark problems from the literature are used to highlight the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed implementation. In most of the cases the proposed implementation can find the best-known solution found by previous studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".