Seismic Detailing of Single Span Bridges to AASHTO Standards for the State of Nevada, USA.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of seismic detailing to the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) Structures Manual and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Standards for single span bridges located in the state of Nevada, US, with reference to Project Neon and the I15-CC215 Interchange Project. In general, detailed seismic analysis is not required for single-span bridges regardless of the seismic zone. However, the connections between the bridge superstructure and the substructure shall be designed for the minimum force requirements as recommended by AASHTO. Also, the minimum support length requirements in accordance with AASHTO shall be satisfied at each substructure. Concrete shear keys or cheek walls are, therefore, provided on the abutments to resist the lateral seismic forces, whereas dowel bars are provided to resist longitudinal seismic forces at pinned abutments. The substructure elements are detailed with transverse confinement reinforcement at plastic hinge locations as recommended by NDOT and AASHTO.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".