Combined Purification and Crystal Growth of CsPbBr3 by Modified Zone Refining
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The all-inorganic semiconducting perovskite Cesium Lead Bromide, CsPbBr3, exhibits promising properties for ionizing radiation detection applications. In this work, polycrystalline CsPbBr3 was synthesized from the melt of binary compounds CsBr and PbBr2. Moisture and oxides in the synthesized CsPbBr3 compounds were removed by a reduction process under hydrogen. The CsPbBr3 materials were purified and grown into high-quality single crystals via a modified zone refining process. The single-crystal samples obtained from the combined zone-refining/crystal growth process exhibited total trace impurity levels below 1 ppm (w.t.). Obtained single crystals exhibited an electrical resistivity within a range of 10^8~10^9 Ω·cm. Stoichiometry imbalance was observed in the CsPbBr3 crystal growth. Around 1% Cs deficiency was observed in all the samples, despite different ratios between the starting materials of PbBr2 and CsBr. The positive impact of excess PbBr2 in starting materials was also revealed. With a slight excess Pb (2%), CsPbBr3 single crystals displayed significantly higher photosensitivity compared to the stoichiometric or excess Cs samples.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".