Effects of an mHealth Intervention for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Self-management Based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change: Randomized Controlled Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Improving the health self-management level of patients with tuberculosis (TB) is significant for reducing drug resistance, improving the cure rate, and controlling the prevalence of TB. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions based on behavioral science theories may be promising to achieve this goal. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore and conduct an mHealth intervention based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change (ITHBC) in patients with pulmonary TB to increase their ability of self-care management. METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted from May to November 2020. A total of 114 patients who were admitted consecutively to the TB clinic of Harbin Chest Hospital, China from May 2020 to August 2020 were recruited by convenience sampling. Patients were divided into the control group and intervention group, and all received a 3-month intervention. Patients in the intervention group and the control group received routine medical and nursing care in the TB clinic, including the supervision of their medications. In addition, pharmacist-assisted mHealth (WeChat) intervention based on the ITHBC theory about TB management was provided to the intervention group. The primary outcome was self-management behavior, while the secondary outcomes were TB awareness, self-efficacy, social support, and degree of satisfaction with health education. The outcomes were measured using web-based self-designed and standard questionnaires administered at baseline and at the end point of the study. Intergroup data were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test, whereas intragroup data were assessed with the Wilcoxon test (for paired samples). RESULTS: A total of 112 patients (59 in intervention group and 53 in control group) completed the study. After the intervention, a statistically significant increase was noted in the scores of each item of self-care management behaviors compared with the scores at the baseline (P<.001) in the intervention group. The scores of all self-care management behaviors of the control group were lower than those of all self-care management behaviors in the intervention group (all P<.05), except for the item "cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing" (P=.23) and item "wash hands properly" (P=.60), which had no statistically significant difference from those in the intervention group. Compared with those at baseline, TB knowledge awareness, self-efficacy, social support, and degree of satisfaction with health education in the intervention group increased significantly (P<.001), and the intervention group had significantly higher scores than the control group (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: mHealth intervention for TB self-management based on ITHBC could deepen the understanding of patients with TB about their disease and improve their objective initiative and self-care management behaviors, which were beneficial for promoting compliance behavior and quality of prevention and control for pulmonary TB. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200055557; https://tinyurl.com/4ray3xnw.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.031 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".