One-Pot Synthesis of MnO<sub>2</sub>/Reduced Graphene Oxide Via Hydrothermal Routes for Supercapacitor Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is a promising supercapacitor electrode material due to its high theoretical capacitance, low cost and environmental compatibility. However, the electrochemical performance of MnO2 is often limited by low electrical conductivity of MnO2. The MnO2/carbon composites have been successfully demonstrated as an effective way to improve overall electrical conductivity of MnO2 based materials. In this study, we report MnO2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites for high performance supercapacitor applications. The MnO2/rGO composites exhibited 381F/g at a charge/discharge current density of 5 A/g, which was significantly higher as compared to that of pure MnO2 (140 F/g at a charge/discharge current density of 5 A/g). This result indicates that improved capacitance of the MnO2/rGO composites benefited from the incorporated rGO properties, such as high electrical conductivity and large surface area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".