The Recent Progress and the state-of-art applications of Perovskite Solar Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the awareness of using clean and sustainable energy, the utilization of solar power is of great importance in human society. Following the trend, solar cells are required to have higher and higher power conversion efficiency. Contemporarily, perovskite materials, as a new type of materials for construction of solar cells, exhibits great potential to have high efficiency. This article focuses on the methods on improving power conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cells and discusses the limitation of recent technologies and industrial applications, and the future prospect of perovskite solar cells. To be specific, all the methods are focusing on the selection of materials suitable for cells design, from CsSnI3 to lead-based organic materials, the efficiencies have increased significantly. The method of stacking perovskite solar cells to make tandem solar cells improved efficiencies among all the methods. Meanwhile, the toxicity, low stability and difficulties in large-scale application are the main limitations for perovskite solar cells. For the future studies, it is important to search for materials with low toxicity and high stability. The technology for improving efficiency of large-scale solar cells is also required. These results provide a guideline for the future study in perovskite solar cells.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".