Melt Electrowriting of a Photo‐Crosslinkable Poly(<i>ε</i>‐caprolactone)‐Based Material into Tubular Constructs with Predefined Architecture and Tunable Mechanical Properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Melt electrowriting (MEW) is an additive manufacturing process that produces highly defined constructs with elements in the micrometer range.A specific configuration of MEW enables printing tubular constructs to create small-diameter tubular structures.The small pool of processable materials poses a bottleneck for wider application in biomedicine.To alleviate this obstacle, an acrylate-endcapped urethane-based polymer (AUP), using a poly(-caprolactone) (PCL) (molar mass: 20 000 g mol -1 ) (AUP PCL20k) as backbone material, is synthesized and utilized for MEW.Spectroscopic analysis confirms the successful modification of the PCL backbone with photo-crosslinkable acrylate endgroups.Printing experiments of AUP PCL20k reveal limited printability but the photo-crosslinking ability is preserved post-printing.To improve printability and to tune the mechanical properties of printed constructs, the AUP-material is blended with commercially available PCL (AUP PCL20k:PCL in ratios 80:20, 60:40, 50:50).Print fidelity improves for 60:40 and 50:50 blends.Blending enables modification of the constructs' mechanical properties to approximate the range of blood vessels for transplantation surgeries.The crosslinking-ability of the material allows pure AUP to be manipulated post-printing and illustrates significant differences in mechanical properties of 80:20 blends after crosslinking.An in vitro cell compatibility assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells also demonstrates the material's non-cytotoxicity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".