Bibliographic record
Abstract
William Adam was Scotland’s foremost architect during the second quarter of the eighteenth century.A supporter of the Whig ascendancy, he is primarily celebrated for his country houses, but Scotland’s civic leaders commissioned him to design many public buildings, often very ambitious in their style and scale, to cement the 1707 union and reflect their aspirations for the Scottish people, particularly those least fortunate.Adam drew inspiration from visits to England and the Low Countries, and publications by his fellow Scots, James Gibbs’ Book of Architecture and Colen Campbell’s Vitruvius Britannicus, as well as French and Italian architecture which he knew from folios; this approach reflected the attitudes of his clients, who looked beyond Scotland to better understand what characterized an Enlightened society.Some schemes were expedited through philanthropic fortunes, but elsewhere Adam’s proposals galvanized fund-raising amongst ordinary people in Scotland and abroad, gifts of building materials and voluntary labour.This chapter examines schemes for the town houses of Aberdeen, Dundee, Sanquhar and Haddington, Robert Gordon’s College and Glasgow University Library, Hamilton Parish Church, the unbuilt Surgeons’ Hospital and three major Edinburgh institutions, the Orphan Hospital, George Watson’s and the Royal Infirmary, besides identifying the Charity Workhouse as Adam’s design.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.033 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".