Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Blood vessels supplying the brain can either be blocked or broken, giving rise to the two kinds of stroke: infarcts and haemorrhages. The symptoms and their permanence depend on how much brain tissue is destroyed and in what location. Key Concepts Stroke is the third leading cause of death. There are two types of strokes: haemorrhagic or ischemic. The occlusive substance in ischemia arises from carotid atherosclerosis or underlying heart disease. ‘Time is Brain’: treating a patient in a timely manner is crucial for preventing increased neuronal loss. tPA is an effective clot‐busting drug, however, it can only be administered within 4.5 h of symptom onset. Endovascular therapy, a mechanical clot‐retrieving technique, is proven to be far more superior to tPA treatment. Brain swelling from oedema occurs secondary to stroke. There are two types of oedema that occurs poststroke, vasogenic or cytotoxic and are known to partly arise from the cerebrospinal fluid in and around the brain. Strokes can lead to severe long‐term motor, sensory and cognitive impairments. Stroke rehabilitation remains essential for relearning skills and regaining functional independence poststroke.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.385 | 0.275 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".