A Proposed Laboratory Method to Evaluate the Durability of Concrete Pavement Joints Against Freezing in the Presence of Deicer Salts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p> Deicer salts were found to cause deterioration to the concrete pavement, particularly at joints. This paper introduces a laboratory procedure that engineers and scientists can use to evaluate the durability of joints. Concrete samples were tested under different salt concentrations and exposure conditions, including freeze-thaw cycles, wet-dry cycles, and a combination thereof. The test sample comprises a square slab measuring 200x200x120 mm and a joint running in the middle at 40 mm depth. The results showed that the test method needs to include two salts with two exposure conditions for accelerated damage. The first exposure uses NaCl at 10% concentration with 50 cycles of freeze/thaw-wet/dry alternating every five consecutive cycles. The second exposure uses CaCl2 at 15% concentration with 50 cycles of wetting and drying at 5°C and 35 °C, respectively. Damage is assessed using two approaches: 1) strength loss under flexural loading and 2) visual damage </p>
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".