Territorial Politics in Cross-Border Local Development Strategies in the Krayan – Ba’Kelalan Region at the Indonesia – Malaysia Border
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dynamics of uncertainty and complexity shape cross-border local development. The ethnic proximity of communities in the highlands of Kalimantan creates fluid and cross-border cultural empathy in socio-cultural and economic interactions without a formal framework of cross-border cooperation. Indonesian border development policies have shifted socio-cultural relations, triggering socio-economic inequalities and conflicts of interest that impact cross-border activities. This study uses Constructivist Grounded Theory to analyze how these issues play out in the Indonesian-Malaysian border region. The study shows the management of socio-cultural relationships and networks, capital accumulation, and its role in accommodating local interests. In the case study, these efforts lead to sustainable regional development by promoting economic equality and ensuring cross-border interactions and local sovereignty in a region with different jurisdictions and limited resources and capacities. Thus, this study provides empirical evidence of how local development strategies transform into territorial politics in response to the dynamics of cross-border issues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".