Sexual Practices among Cobblestone Construction Workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Challenge to the Prevention of HIV Infection2020
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: HIV infection remains a public health challenge. This study assessed sexual practices among casual workers at the Cobblestone construction, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study carried out among the labourers at the Cobblestone construction sites between October – December 2018. Multi-stage sampling was used to estimate the sample size. Demographic and sexual practice information were collected using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine associations between variables; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: We recruited 627 labourers. Majority (82.2%) were aged between 18 and 38 years; average age at onset of sexual debut was 17.9 ±2.67 and 19.14 ±2.18 years among males and females respectively. Majority (68.5%) were married; exposure to pornography was 40.2% and 32% among male and female respectively. Lifetime multiple sexual practices were prevalent (59.9% and 50.0%) among males and females respectively; extramarital sex was prevalent (66.9%) among males but protected sex was relatively low (46.2%). Being employed significantly associated with likelihood of first exposure to alcohol (P =0.029), level of education, exposure to pornography and knowledge of symptoms of STIs significantly associated with multiple sexual practices. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of risky sexual practices among the labourers were high which risks them to HIV infections. Innovative approaches to behavioural change are needed to reduce risks of HIV infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".