Erythropoietin enhances postnatal hippocampal mitochondrial content, function, and cognition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract It is increasingly evident that mitochondria are crucial in regulating neurodevelopment, brain function and cognition. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to improve mitochondrial function and cognition following brain damage and in patients with neurological disorders. However, potential EPO-mediated influence(s) on hippocampal mitochondrial function during postnatal development and it corresponds to enhanced cognition is unknown. Here we show in mice, that EPO receptors (EpoR)s express postnatally in the CA1 pyramidal cells of the hippocampus reaching a zenith at puberty (postnatal (P) age 21). Constitutive neuronal EPO overexpression increases hippocampal Erk1/2 and AKT phosphorylation along with increases in cellular respiration and mitochondrial content by the third postnatal week of development. Indices of cellular oxidant balance do not appear altered by higher respiratory potentials and greater mitochondrial content. Finally, EPO overexpression also enhances hippocampal-dependent learning and memory at early adulthood (P60). Collectively, this data identifies a novel function for EPO signaling, promoting improvements in hippocampal-specific mitochondrial function and cognition during postnatal development and early adulthood.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".