Cold urticaria: A clue to a silent systemic disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A previously healthy 2-year-old boy with a history of recurrent hives after exposure to cold air.A diagnosis of cold-induced urticaria was confirmed by a positive ice cube test but in the investigation, we found hepatic cytolysis and a lack of alpha-1-protein band level in protein electrophoresis.Deficiency of alpha-1-protein was confirmed which prompted genotype sequencing and genetic studies, unveiling the ZZ genotype and Glu342Lys mutation of SERPINA1 gene respectively.Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) was identified in association with acquired cold urticaria.In the last decades cases of AATD associated with cold urticaria have been described mostly in patients with Z allele.AATD results in inadequate inactivation of plasmatic proteases and, consequently, incomplete control of the inflammatory reaction, eventually predisposing to urticaria.The authors suggest that AATD screening could be more frequently performed in the investigation of cold urticaria, since early AATD diagnosis is essential.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".