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Record W4290469760 · doi:10.5281/zenodo.1288927

Виборчі Системи Для Проведення Місцевих Виборів: Досвід Країн Вишеградської Групи

2018· article· uk· W4290469760 on OpenAlexaff
Г. П. Пономарьова

Bibliographic record

VenueZenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2018
Typearticle
Languageuk
FieldMathematics
TopicEducation, Psychology, and Complexity Research
Canadian institutionsCytodiagnostics (Canada)
Fundersnot available
KeywordsChemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Досліджуються типи виборчих систем, які історично склалися протягом останніх років та які наразі використовуються для проведення місцевих виборів в Чехії, Польщі, Словаччині та Угорщині, серед них мажоритарна, пропорційна та змішана виборчі системи. Для цього проаналізовано структуру органів місцевого самоврядування цих держав, яка є дворівневою чи трирівневою. Окреслено законодавчу базу, що регламентує проведення місцевих виборів. Визначено умови, за яких відбувалося формування місцевих виборчих систем у країнах Вишеградської четвірки. Висвітлено як особливості та специфіку становлення виборчої системи в кожній з цих країн, так і спільні риси цього процесу Исследуются типы избирательных систем, которые исторически сложились на протяжении последних лет и которые используются сейчас для проведения местных выборов, среди них мажоритарная, пропорциональная и смешанная избирательные системы. Для этого проанализирована структура органов местного самоуправления этих государств, которая является двухуровневой или трехуровневой. Очерчена законодательная база, которая регламентирует проведение местных выборов. Определены условия, с помощью которых происходило формирование местных избирательных систем в странах Вышеградской четверки. Отражены как особенности и специфика становления избирательной системы в каждой из этих стран, так и общие черты этого процесса. Local elections are one of the fundamental and basic elements of building a democratic society. Of special interest are the countries of the Visegrad Group, namely, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary, which have passed a long process of reforms, transformations and radical changes, which allowed them to choose the best models of local electoral systems that would meet world standards. The specificity of the election and the formation of local electoral systems in these states lies, first of all, in the fact that they all have considerable experience in overcoming the socialist period. But for the present, subsidiarity, decentralization of local government and active participation of citizens in the formation of local representative bodies are the main principles of the organization of local government in these countries. In order to investigate the models of electoral systems that have historically developed over recent years and which are currently used for local elections in the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, the local government structure of these states, which is two-tiered or three-tiered, was analyzed. The legislative framework, which regulates the conduct of local elections, was outlined and the conditions, under which there was the formation of local electoral systems, was defined. Thus, both the peculiarities and specificity of the formation of the electoral systems in each of these countries and the common features of this process are highlighted

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.008
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.053
Threshold uncertainty score0.176

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.008
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0020.002
Science and technology studies0.0040.008
Scholarly communication0.0110.008
Open science0.0010.004
Research integrity0.0030.004
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0530.017

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.164
GPT teacher head0.374
Teacher spread0.210 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2018
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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