Spatial occurrence and abundance of marine zooplankton in Northeast Greenland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We present a large-scale survey of mesozooplankton (size range 0.2–20 mm) across coastal, shelf, and slope locations in Northeast Greenland (latitudes 74–79° N, August 2015 and September 2017). Our study is centred on the Video Plankton Recorder (VPR) for non-invasive in situ observations of taxa distribution and abundance while simultaneously recording oceanographic profiles. A modified WP-2 plankton net (85-μm mesh size) was used primarily not only to verify taxa detected by the VPR but also to make a preliminary comparison of abundance estimates by the two gears. A total of 35 zooplankton taxa were identified with 10 genera alone among copepods (Hexanauplia). Selected taxa from the VPR ( N =16) were associated with the temperature-salinity spaces and the chlorophyll a -depth profiles in the study area. From surface to > 900 m depth, the overall temperature and salinity ranged between −1.9 and 6.8 °C and 26.6 and 35.3, respectively. Two copepod genera dominated, i.e. Pseudocalanus prevailed in the upper sub-zero layers in coastal waters whereas Calanus was omnipresent, but mainly abundant in the warmer Atlantic waters at the shelf break. Chlorophyll a levels were in general very low (< 2 mg m -3 ) and peaked at 30–50 m depth, suggesting post-bloom conditions. Overall, zooplankton abundances tended to increase from the coast towards the slope (9–344×10 3 individuals m -2 ). Biodiversity in terms of taxon richness, on the other hand, showed the opposite trend and decreased from 16 taxa at the coast to 5 taxa further offshore.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".