Experimental Investigations of Axially Loaded Square Concrete-filled Double Steel Tubular Slender Columns with inner Circular Tube
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports an experimental work carried out on the square concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) slender columns with an inner circular tube under concentric loading. The influences of the column slenderness ratio and the thickness of the inner steel tube on the performance of the square CFDST slender column are investigated. The applicability of the design recommendations given by Eurocode 4 for conventional concrete-filled steel tubular columns is evaluated in designing square CFDST slender columns under concentric loading. It is found that the performance of the square CFDST slender column is significantly influenced by the column slenderness ratio and the thickness of the inner steel tube. Furthermore, the design specification given by Eurocode 4 significantly underestimates the ultimate strength of square CFDST slender columns under concentric loading.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".