Preliminary Study on the Effect of Adding Palm Tree Fronds toConcrete
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Agriculture waste can be used in construction as an alternative to non-environmentally friendly components.Every year, a considerable amount of this waste is thrown without any recycling.In addition to its good tensile properties, natural fibers such as the ones extracted from palm tree fronds (PTF), can be used to enhance the thermal properties of concrete.The consistent increase in the planet temperature, increases the demands for AC usage and electricity consumption.This implies more CO2 emissions and consequently more temperature rise.In this study, the concept of using this free natural waste in construction has been investigated.This paper is concerned with the use of PTF with concrete as a composite material.The tests that have been carried out on the PTF concrete (PTFC) are focused on the strength and durability of the composite material.Four PTFC mixes where prepared and casted into cylindrical molds for tests at several curing ages.The results indicate some improvement in the thermal resistance of concrete on the cost of its mechanical properties.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".