P238 Pre-pregnancy switching from mycophenolate to azathioprine in patients with lupus nephritis: a retrospective outcome analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background/Aims Mycophenolate mofetil is not recommended in pregnancy due to teratogenic effects. A previous small prospective study found that switching from MMF to AZA rarely led to renal flares. Our aim was to assess the impact of switching from MMF to AZA on renal flares and pregnancy outcomes in a lupus nephritis cohort. Methods A retrospective analysis of the records of patients attending the renal and antenatal clinics at St Thomas’s Hospital in London who underwent pre-pregnancy counselling and switched from MMF to AZA was undertaken between January 2019 and December 2020. Inclusion criteria included a diagnosis of SLE based on the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for SLE and lupus nephritis assessed by a biopsy and classified according to the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society 2003 classification. A flare was defined as rising urine PCR, decreasing serum albumin, decreasing serum complement and rising dsDNA antibodies and/or an increase in serum creatinine. Analyses included descriptive statistics [mean (standard deviation) and median (interquartile ranges) for continuous variables and frequency (percent) for categorical values]. Results Twenty-seven patients were included in this study. 55% were of Afro-Caribbean or Asian background and remaining were Caucasian. The median age at SLE diagnosis was 22 (18-26) years. The average disease duration prior to treatment switch was 8 years. The median time between biopsy and switching was 32 months (17-69). 25.9% of patients had a diagnosis of APS. 48% were Ro positive, while 85.2% were positive for dsDNA antibodies. The median serum creatinine was 69 umol/L (58-84), median serum albumin was 42g/L (38-47) and median PCR was 26.5mg/mol (12-61) prior to switching. Our study showed that nine patients (33.3%) flared after switching. five patients (18.5%) flared during pregnancy. 10 (37%) patients went onto have successful pregnancies, two (7.4%) had miscarriages, three (11.1%) patients developed preeclampsia. 46% of patients with class III/IV Nephritis on biopsy developed complications in pregnancy. 36% of patients with dsDNA had poor pregnancy outcomes compared to 25% who were dsDNA negative. 42.2% of patients of Afro-Caribbean/Asian background flared during pregnancy compared to 25% of their Caucasian counterparts. Conclusion Although azathioprine is an option in patients with lupus nephritis who are planning pregnancy, there is a need to identify patients at risk of a disease flare on switching from MMF. This study showed that patients with low serum albumin, creatinine >65, urine PCR >50 and positive dsDNA antibodies at the time of the switch were more likely to flare after switching and in pregnancy. Disclosure S.S. Ali: None. S. Sangle: None. D. D'Cruz: None.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".