Measure of Volatility and Its Forecasting: Evidence from Naira / Dollar Exchange Rate
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the last five decades, Box Jenkins methodology has been in existence to model univariate time series data but fails or has limitations on modeling volatility. Most financial time series data do exhibit heavy tail and thick distribution, to this effect various parametric and semi-parametric non –linear time series models have been proposed two or three decades ago to capture volatility. However, this research entails measuring volatility and its forecasting using time series exchange rate annual data over the period from 1981 to 2020 (wide periodicity). The exchange rate was transformed to return, and parametric non –linear time series was modeled on it. It was found out that GARCH (1,2) reveals continuous volatility for short while and was the best model to predict the exchange rate volatility based on the evidence from measurement volatility tool; RMSE, MAE, MAPE among other extensions of GARCH models; EGARCH and TGARCH. EGARCH (1, 4) captures the asymmetry effect revealing that negative shocks will persistently have an effect on the volatility of the naira/dollar exchange rate.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it