Kernel Regression for Matrix-Variate Gaussian Distributed Signals Over Sample Graphs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent advances of kernel regression assume that target signals lie over a feature graph such that their values can be predicted with the assistance of the graph learned from training data. In this paper, we propose a novel kernel regression framework whose outputs follow a matrix-variate Gaussian distribution (MVGD) such that the kernel matrix can be viewed as the column covariance matrix of outputs, and the hyperparameters of a chosen kernel can be optimized using gradient methods. Furthermore, in contrast to the state-of-the-art kernel regression algorithms over graph (KRG), a sample graph of target outputs is introduced to work with regression coefficients and hyperparameters of a chosen kernel in our algorithms. The proposed KRG framework is decomposed into two stages, including the estimation of row and column covariance matrices of MVGD and graph learning along with the estimation of regression coefficients. Numerical approaches are developed to tackle the corresponding optimization problems. Experimental results over synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that the performance of the proposed algorithms is superior to that of the state-of-the-art methods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".