Exploring bosonic and fermionic link models on <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">D</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> tubes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quantum link models have attracted a lot of attention in recent times as a generalization of Wilson's lattice gauge theories, and are particularly suitable for realization on quantum simulators and computers. These models are known to host new phases of matter and act as a bridge between particle and condensed matter physics. In this paper, we study the Abelian $\text{U}(1)$ lattice gauge theory in $(3+1)\mathrm{D}$ tubes using large-scale exact diagonalization. We are then able to motivate the phase diagram of the model with finite-size scaling techniques, and in particular propose the existence of a Coulomb phase. Furthermore, we introduce models involving fermionic quantum links, which generalize the gauge degrees of freedom to be of fermionic nature. We prove that while the spectra remain identical between the bosonic and the fermionic versions of the $\text{U}(1)$-symmetric quantum link models in $(2+1)\mathrm{D}$, they are different in $(3+1)\mathrm{D}$. We discuss the prospects of realizing the magnetic field interactions as correlated hopping in quantum simulator experiments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".