The Role of Echocardiography in Amniotic Fluid Embolism: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
(Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth. 2021;68:1541–1548) Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is not completely understood and can be difficult to diagnose, as it shares characteristics with other obstetric complications. AFE occurs during labor or soon after delivery and is characterized by acute hypotension, hypoxia, and coagulopathy. The Clark diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of AFE is as follows: sudden cardiorespiratory arrest or both hypotension and respiratory compromise; disseminated intravascular coagulation; clinical onset during labor or within 30 minutes of delivery of the placenta; and absence of fever. Situations that may lead to the exchange of maternal and fetal fluid, such as cesarean delivery or cervical trauma, have been reported as risk factors. Point-of-care echocardiography has recently been used to diagnose and manage maternal shock. This report details three cases of AFE that utilized point-of-care echocardiography.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".