Flow development over inclined flat plates in ground effect and relation to aerodynamic loads
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aerodynamics of finite-span inclined flat plates in ground effect is experimentally investigated at a chord-based Reynolds number of 50 000 for aspect ratios of 1 and 2. The minimum ground height is varied between 0.1 and 1.0 chord lengths, and lift and drag forces are measured using a force balance for angles of attack between −90° and 90°. Planar, two- and three-component particle image velocimetry is used to perform streamwise and cross-plane measurements at the midspan and one chord length downstream of the trailing edge, respectively. Ground effect is significant at ground clearances below 0.5 chord lengths, most notably near the stall angle, where it leads to significant changes to flow development. At sufficiently low free flight pre-stall angles, the increase in edge velocity at low gap ratios caused greater suction, generating higher lift with a minimal increase in drag for both orientations. Closer to the free flight stall angle, a decrease in aerodynamic loading is observed for negative orientations due to earlier onset of stall with a decreasing gap ratio. The exception was the higher aspect ratio plate at negative orientations, where the loading was largely invariant to changes in gap ratio for all angles tested. At positive orientations, the increase in average static pressure along the pressure surface in ground proximity led to an overall increase in loading prior to deep-stall conditions for both aspect ratios. The ground effect was minimal at post-stall angles of attack. The results may be used to guide the design of photovoltaic supports at relevant latitudes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it