Bibliographic record
Abstract
One of the standard responses to eco-crisis and environmental security narratives is that the environment can be a source of cooperation as much as of conflict, of amity, not just of enmity. This chapter interrogates this liberal rejoinder to Malthusian and eco-pessimist reasoning. The chapter critiques functionalist and related accounts of peacemaking via water cooperation and argues that water is neither innately cooperation-inducing nor particularly important within peacemaking today. It shows, moreover, that because peace processes are themselves often deeply problematic – in extreme, reproducing or radicalising pre-peacemaking divisions and attendant patterns of conflict, appropriation and inequality – so the same applies to peacebuilding and cooperation relating specifically to water. These arguments are developed through analysis of the Israeli–Palestinian Oslo peace process, the Annan process on Cyprus and Sudan’s Comprehensive Peace Agreement. Water scarcities, the chapter shows, have not historically been a significant force for peace; by extension, it is argued in conclusion, climate change–induced scarcities are unlikely to have such effects either.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.129 | 0.046 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".