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Record W4296442391 · doi:10.14710/mkmi.21.4.271-278

Evaluasi Penurunan Prevalensi Merokok dalam Upaya Inovasi Penghematan Alokasi APBN Ditjen P2P Kementerian Kesehatan

2022· article· id· W4296442391 on OpenAlexaff
Saptono Saptono

Bibliographic record

VenueMEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA · 2022
Typearticle
Languageid
FieldMedicine
TopicPublic Health and Nutrition
Canadian institutionsEncana (Canada)
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPhysicsBusiness administrationGynecologyMedicineBusiness

Abstract

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Latar belakang: Merokok merupakan faktor risiko tinggi morbiditas dan mortalitas terhadap suatu penyakit. Kementerian Kesehatan Indonesia menyatakan bahwa sebanyak 10% atau sekitar 200.000 jiwa dari total kematian di Indonesia disebabkan oleh rokok. Kerugian Negara sebagai akibat dari tingginya jumlah konsumsi rokok di level rumah tangga dan masyarakat dapat mencapai 600 triliun rupiah per tahun atau setara dengan seperempat Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN).Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan hasil evaluasi berdasarkan studi literatur pemanfaatan alokasi anggaran Ditjen P2P Kementerian Kesehatan dalam kegiatan penurunan angka prevalensi merokok di Indonesia.Hasil: Berdasarkan Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (2022), usia perokok aktif didominasi oleh usia remaja, namun berdasarkan hasil tren pada kurun waktu 2021 dan 2018 mengarah secara positif dalam mempengaruhi peningkatan jumlah ke usia lebih muda namun dari sisi persentase mengalami penurunan dengan nilai koefisien korelasi R² = 0,9125. Di dalam dokumen Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2020-2024, layanan Upaya Berhenti Merokok (UBM) dan penerapan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) menjadi pilar strategi utama kebijakan program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular, Ditjen P2P.Simpulan: Usulan rekomendasi kebijakan yang diberikan untuk Pemerintah dalam mewujudkan kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) dan Upaya Berhenti Merokok (UMB), yaitu : 1) Sosialisasi / Pembinaan KTR dan UMB dengan menggandeng mitra dan organisasi masyarakat, 2) Meningkatkan upaya promotif dan preventif melalui inovasi dengan memasukkan pesan pendidikan bahaya dampak merokok bagi kesehatan di kurikulum pengajaran sekolah, serta 3) Memanfaatkan kebijakan Pemerintah Pusat yang menaikkan besaran cukai rokok sebesar 12% per 1 Januari 2022, dengan upaya Ditjen P2P dalam menghemat APBN melalui program integrasi GERMAS dalam Local Goverment Sosial Responsibility.Kata kunci: Merokok; APBN; Ditjen P2PABSTRACTTitle: Evaluation of Smoking Prevalence Reduction in Innovation Efforts to Save State Budget (APBN) Allocations Directorate General of P2P of the Ministry of HealthBackground: Smoking is a high risk factor for morbidity and mortality from disease. The Indonesian Ministry of Health states that as much as 10%, or about 200,000, of the total deaths in Indonesia are caused by cigarettes. State losses as a result of the high amount of cigarette consumption at household and community levels can reach 600 trillion rupiah per year, or equivalent to a quarter of the State Budget (APBN).Method: The research method used is the result of an evaluation based on a literature study on the use of the budget allocation of the Directorate General of P2P of the Ministry of Health in activities to reduce the prevalence rate of smoking in Indonesia.Result: Based on the National Socioeconomic Survey (2022), the age of active smokers is dominated by adolescents, but based on the results of trends in the period 2021 and 2018, it leads positively in influencing the increase in the number of smokers to younger ages. However, in terms of percentage, it decreased with the value of the correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9125. In the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) document, the Smoking Cessation Effort (UBM) service and the implementation of Non-Smoking Areas (KTR) are the main strategic pillars of the Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control program, Directorate General of P2P.Conclusion: Proposed policy recommendations given to the government in realizing the No Smoking (KTR) area and Efforts to Stop Smoking (UMB), namely: 1) Socialization and Guidance of KTR and UMB by cooperating with partners and community organizations; 2) Increasing promotive and preventive efforts through innovation by including educational messages on the dangers of smoking impacts on health in the school teaching curriculum; and 3) Utilizing the Central Government's policy of increasing the amount of cigarette excise by 12% as of January 1, 2022, with the efforts of the Directorate General of P2P in saving the state budget through the GERMAS integration program in Local Government Social Responsibility.Keywords: Smoking; State Budget; Directorate General of P2P

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.008
Threshold uncertainty score0.027

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0080.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.031
GPT teacher head0.288
Teacher spread0.257 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Published2022
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