Developing an Electromagnetic Vortex Beam Structure Based on Advanced Plasma Transmit-array
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electromagnetic (EM) vortex waves in microwave regime offer a great venue for new communication links. Comparatively to multi-band and multi-antenna mechanisms, they can provide greater channel diversity and capacity. A plasma transmitting surface is proposed based on EM scattering wave theory to produce vortex beams. As a complex medium, plasma can be modeled by the Drude dispersive dielectric model. Plasma cells are to be housed in a multilayered medium and covered in glass. In the lower K frequency band, a 360-degree circle of transmission phase is achieved using plasma advanced structures. Physical parameters of the plasma can be tailored to alter the phase front of an incident wave. The analytical proposal for the plasma phase engineering surface is verified with full wave simulations. Using the proposed transmit-array, several vortex beams (0, ±1, ±2, …) can be generated with a single structure without any blockage of the modes. Plasma arrays with reconfigurable designs can be used in future generations of mobile networks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".