256 Effect of Functional Amino Acid Supplementation in Salmonella-Challenged Weaned Pigs fed Either Animal- or Plant-Based Nursery Diets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Feeding plant based (PB) nursery diets may aggravate the effects of disease in pigs, which may be attenuated by functional amino acid (FAA) supplementation. The objective was to determine the effects of nursery dietary protein source and FAA supplementation in pigs subsequently challenged with Salmonella (ST). Thirty-two pigs (8.7 ± 0.23 kg) were assigned to 1 of 4 diet programs for 4 wk post-weaning in a 2 × 2 factorial with dietary protein source [PB vs. animal-based (AB)] with basal (FAA–) or supplemented FAA profile (FAA+; Thr, Met, and Trp at 120% of requirements). Pigs were then placed onto a common grower diet and, after a 7-d adaptation period, were inoculated with ST (3.0 × 109 CFU/mL) and monitored for 7 d post-inoculation. Growth performance, fecal score, gut health, ST shedding, intestinal colonization and translocation were measured pre- and post-inoculation. Nursery fecal score was decreased in AB-FAA+ pigs compared with the other groups (0.42 vs. 0.68±0.06 score; P< 0.05) and post-inoculation fecal score was increased in PB compared to AB pigs (1.12 vs. 0.95±0.15 score; P< 0.05). Overall ST shedding (2.20 vs. 2.42±0.22 score), cecal (1.69 vs. 2.50±0.36 score) and colonic ST colonization (2.05 vs. 2.83±0.36 score), and cecal myeloperoxidase (1.92 vs. 2.65±0.37 µU/mL) were reduced in AB compared with PB pigs (P< 0.05). Translocation of ST to spleen was decreased by FAA+ compared with FAA- (0.88 vs. 1.50±0.36 score; P< 0.05). Post-inoculation, AB pigs had greater weight gain compared with PB-FAA- (0.72 vs. 0.52±0.07 kg/d; P< 0.05). Pigs fed AB-FAA- had increased feed intake compared with PB-FAA- (1.45 vs. 1.17±0.08 kg/d; P< 0.05). Gain:feed was increased in AB-FAA+ compared with PB-FAA- pigs (0.54 vs. 0.44±0.05 kg/kg; P< 0.05). Pigs fed PB nursery diets were more susceptible to a subsequent ST challenge, and FAA supplementation attenuated the negative effects of PB diets in ST-challenged pigs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".