Innovative Lightweight Concrete (LWC) for Precast Structures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports a study based upon experimental investigation, which evaluates the flexural behavior of lightweight concrete (LWC) beams reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. Three reinforced concrete (RC) beam specimens (200 mm wide x 300 mm high x 3,100 long) were fabricated and tested under four-point bending up to failure. Two specimens were made with LWC while one specimen was made with normal weight concrete (NWC) as a reference specimen. The test variables were concrete density (LWC and NWC) and longitudinal GFRP reinforcement ratio. The beam test results are introduced and discussed in terms of cracking behavior, deflection, and failure modes. The experimental results show that the LWC and NWC beam specimens failed as a result of concrete crushing. The normalized moment capacity of the GFRP-reinforced LWC beam specimens was not significantly influenced compared to the GFRP-reinforced NWC counterpart.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".