Detection of Marek’s Disease Virus Serotypes 1, 2 and 3 in Poultry Flocks using PCR Technique in South-Western-Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Marek’s disease virus (MDV) causes immunosuppression and tumors in poultry. Lymphoma induction in Marek’s disease (MD) has been associated with serotype-1. The study employed the use of two-step-PCR with primers directed to gB-gene of MDV to determine and differentiate MDV-serotypes associated with MD-outbreaks in poultry-flocks using tissue samples with neoplastic lesions collected from carcasses during postmortem examination. A total of 58 different flocks categorized into pullets, broiler, turkey and duck suspected of MD were sampled using PCR-techniques. Forty three out of the 58 flocks sampled were positive for MDV employing first and nested PCR analysis using serotype-specific primer pairs in the nested PCR, 38 (65.5%), 22 (37.93%) and 20 (34.48%) were positive for MDV-serotypes 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The distribution of three-serotypes of MDV was quite different among investigated poultry-flocks. Fourteen (73.68%), 7 (36.84%) and 6 (31.57%) farms were positive for MDV-serotypes-1, 2 and 3 respectively in pullet flocks with age range between 8-20 weeks. In layer flocks, 22 (66.66%), 13 (39.39%) and 11 (33.33%) were positive for MDV-serotypes 1, 2 and 3. One broiler flock was positive for MDV-serotype-2 and 3, only one turkey flock positive for MDV-serotypes 1, 2 and 3, one duck farm was positive for MDV- serotype 1. Multiple infections involving two or three of the serotypes were observed in 8-20 weeks old pullets with 4 (21.1%) of the flocks showing MDV-1 and MDV-2, 3 (15.79%) with MDV-1 and 3 and 3 (15.79%) with all the three-serotypes. This study revealed increased virulence of MDV-serotypes-2 and 3 that have been classified as non-oncogenic in field MD-outbreaks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".