Analysis of sex differential genes at whole genome level reveals their organ-and chromosome-dependent expressions, regulations, and interactions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Males and females possess genomes that are almost identical but differ in morbidity, prevalence, severity, response to therapies and mortality of many diseases. We comprehensively analyzed gene expression data in seven tissues from BXD recombinant inbred (RI) mouse strains. We found that there were considerable differences in the numbers and functions among different tissues and between autosomal and sex chromosomes. Among sex differential genes, those on autosomal chromosomes mainly function to regulate metabolic pathways related to their host organs, while those on sex chromosomes mainly regulate nuclear proteins required for DNA replication or transcription during early development. Kidney possessed the fewest sex differential genes on sex chromosomes. The sexually dimorphic genes expressed on X chromosomes were all related to perception, while genes on the autosomal chromosomes were related to metabolism. These patterns of gene expression do not translate into similarity of protein structures, rather they are grouping with function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".