Comparison of a Variable Refrigerant Flow Heat Pump Model in Cooling Mode to Data from ASHRAE HQ
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a variable refrigerant flow (VRF) heat pump model aimed towards multi-year simulations. The model is modular and allows the simulation of any number of indoor and outdoor units. Model parameters are inferred from a parameterestimation procedure on available manufacturer data. The model is compared against data recorded from the VRF system that serves the first floor of the ASHRAE Headquarters Building in Atlanta, comprised of 22 indoor units and 2 outdoor units. Comparison results show that the model predicts, for a daily time scale, the total energy consumption during a 2 months cooling period with a relative error, a normalised mean bias error (NMBE) and a coefficient of variation of the root mean square error (CVRMSE) of 4.1%, 7.9% and 20.9%, respectively. The relative error between simulation results and measured data for daily energy consumption varies from 0.2% to 43% during weekdays.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".