Juvenile sea lamprey (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) have a wide window of elevated salinity tolerance that is eventually limited during springtime warming
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study examined changes in biometric characteristics, osmoregulatory capacity, and seawater (SW) tolerance of juvenile sea lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus) throughout the varying thermal changes from late autumn to late spring. Body length, mass, and condition factor were maintained until April, when significant declines in mass and condition factor were observed to correspond with increases in temperature. Nearly 100% survival in SW was maintained through April. In May, after river and estuarine temperatures had increased, significant mortality in SW (up to 50%) was observed. After SW acclimation, plasma chloride was maintained at an elevated set point, and gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity was elevated. Neither parameter appeared to be affected during springtime warming. Together, these results provide a first characterization of the sustained osmoregulatory performance of juvenile sea lamprey after metamorphosis and show that the window of increased hypo-osmoregulatory performance for SW entry lasts for at least 5 months but may ultimately be limited by increases in river water temperatures in late spring.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".