Erythro-PmBs: A Selective Polymyxin B Delivery System Using Antibody-Conjugated Hybrid Erythrocyte Liposomes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As a result of the growing worldwide antibiotic resistance crisis, many currently existing antibiotics have become ineffective due to bacteria developing resistive mechanisms. There are a limited number of potent antibiotics that are successful at suppressing microbial growth, such as polymyxin B (PmB); however, these are often deemed as a last resort due to their toxicity. We present a novel PmB delivery system constructed by conjugating hybrid erythrocyte liposomes with antibacterial antibodies to combine a high loading efficiency with guided delivery. The retention of PmB is enhanced by incorporating negatively charged lipids into the red blood cells’ cytoplasmic membrane (RBCcm). Anti-Escherichia coli antibodies are attached to these hybrid erythrocyte liposomes by the inclusion of DSPE-PEG maleimide linkers. We show that these erythro-PmBs have a loading efficiency of ∼90% and are effective in delivering PmB to E. coli, with values for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) being comparable to those of free PmB. The MIC values for Klebsiella aerogenes, however, significantly increased well beyond the resistant breakpoint, indicating that the inclusion of the anti-E. coli antibodies enables the erythro-PmBs to selectively deliver antibiotics to specific targets.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it