Design of a Nozzle Extension for Thermal Spray Under Very Low Pressure Conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Conventional equipments used for low pressure plasma spraying are designed for a chamber pressure of a few tens of mbar. During the past three years, an increasing interest for thermal spray under very low pressure conditions (as low as 1 mbar) was encountered but no significant advances concerning the spray gun design was proposed. However, it is clear that actual tools do not allow providing uniform plasma jets and that the produced jets present successive expansions and constrictions due to a poor adaptation of the nozzle exit pressure regarding to the chamber one. In the present paper, the use of a nozzle extension is proposed. The holding nozzle is a lengthened F4 type one and the diverging part of the nozzle is formed by a fastened external extension. The design of the nozzle extension is a bell-contoured Laval type one and its dimensions (exit diameter and length) are much higher than for conventional diverging nozzles. An improvement in the jet homogeneity and uniformity is expected.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".