Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We report the changes of atactic polystyrene (a‐PS) upon annealing below the glass transition based on X‐ray scattering, volume, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements of samples in the quenched and annealed states. Upon relaxation, an increase of the main diffuse diffraction peak and a decrease of the polymerization peak, typical for a‐PS, are proportional to the enthalpy changes. The relaxation of enthalpy corresponds to a change of the fictive temperature by 6.1 K for annealing at 80°C for 24 h. The changes of the fictive temperature derived from the X‐ray structure factor are between 5.4 and 6.8 K, depending on the range of scattering vector. The relaxation signal has a zero crossing at low scattering angles. The volume of the samples, measured at ambient conditions, did not change upon relaxation. We attribute these observations to localized relaxation processes that involve a small number of phenyl groups.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".