Competing quantum spin liquids, gauge fluctuations, and anisotropic interactions in a breathing pyrochlore lattice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Geometric frustration in spin systems offers potential routes to realize unusual phases of matter. The authors consider emergent quantum spin liquids of interacting $S=1/2$ moments on the pyrochlore lattice with a breathing anisotropy, where two inequivalent sets of tetrahedra are present. They classify possible ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$ and U(1) quantum spin liquids in this system and find a small number of physically motivated candidates. In particular, two degenerate U(1) spin liquids are identified for the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model. The degeneracy is robust with respect to tuning the breathing anisotropy, but it can be lifted by a finite Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The effect of gauge fluctuations in a gapless U(1) spin liquid is investigated for comparison with future experiments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".