Profile of etravirine for the treatment of HIV infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alice Tseng1, Rodger D MacArthur21Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; 2Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USAAbstract: Etravirine is a second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with the advantages of in vitro potency against many strains of virus resistant to efavirenz and nevirapine, as well as a higher genetic barrier to resistance. Etravirine is indicated for use in treatment-experienced patients, and the approved dose in adults is 200 mg twice daily. Etravirine should be administered after a meal as bioavailability is significantly reduced when taken in the fasting state. Etravirine is a substrate of CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase, and induces CYP3A4, weakly inhibits CYP2C9 and moderately inhibits CYP2C19. Etravirine may be coadministered with nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, raltegravir and boosted darunavir, lopinavir, and saquinavir without dosage adjustment. Etravirine should not be given with other NNRTIs, unboosted protease inhibitors, and atazanavir/ritonavir, tipranavir/ritonavir, and fosamprenavir/ritonavir due to unfavorable drug interactions. In randomized, controlled trials, twice daily etravirine combined with darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy demonstrated better efficacy compared to darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy alone in treatment experienced populations out to 96 weeks follow-up. The main etravirine-associated toxicity is mild to moderate self-limiting rash, although severe and sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. Etravirine offers a potent sequencing option after the development of resistance to first-line NNRTIs, and is a welcome addition to this established drug class.Keywords: etravirine, review, efficacy, resistance, pharmacology
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".