Stabilizing effect of an elbow orthosis with an adjustable hinge axis after lateral collateral ligament injury: A biomechanical study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Current commercial elbow braces have a straight hinge that does not account for the native carrying angle of the elbow. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a custom-designed hinged elbow orthosis (HEO) with variable valgus angulations in stabilizing a lateral collateral ligament (LCL) deficient elbow. Methods: Eight cadaveric upper extremities were mounted in an elbow motion simulator in the abducted varus gravity-loaded position. The specimens were examined before and after simulated LCL injury and then with the addition of the custom-designed HEO with 0°, 10°, and 20° of valgus angulation. Kinematic data were recorded using an electromagnetic tracking system. Results: < 0.05). There were no significant differences in varus-valgus angulation or ulnohumeral rotation between any of the brace angles and the LCL injured state with the forearm pronated and supinated. Discussion: The custom-designed HEO did not provide any additional stability to the LCL injured elbow. The varus arm position should be avoided during the rehabilitation of an LCL injured elbow even when an HEO is used.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".