Bibliographic record
Abstract
Over the past three decades, shareholders have steadily been provided with greater voting power over corporate decisions. A great academic debate has arisen about the character and outcomes of the shareholder franchise. All parties to this debate start with the assumption that shareholders will vote rationally, and generally in their economic interests. There is a large empirical literature in political science, however, that finds that where the marginal value of a vote is low, information is processed and votes cast on the basis of strongly held prejudices, tribal loyalty, mood-affiliation, and a desire to flatter the voter’s self-image. In other words, the voter behaves irrationally from the standpoint of the real-world impact of their vote. This article reviews the empirical literature around shareholder voting to show that irrational voting characterizes the corporate franchise as well. Shareholders give their voting rights almost no value and their voting patterns do not reflect the economic performance of the company. Moreover, shareholders vote in ways that contradict their economic views (measured by looking at their trading decisions), and their voting is primarily driven by empirically questionable and deliberately ineffective corporate governance practices. Fortunately, the empirical political science literature provides some direction for reforming the corporate franchise.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.038 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".