Divergent effects of biological and physical processes on dissolved oxygen and dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics on a eutrophied and hypoxic continental shelf
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Dissolved oxygen (DO) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) represent reciprocal sides of aquatic metabolism. In closed systems, absolute DO and DIC changes follow a ~ 1 : 1 ratio, but in open systems coupling depends on mixing, air–sea gas exchange, and anaerobic respiration. To quantify DO–DIC controls in coastal waters, we evaluated their concentrations and stable isotopes together with water quality and physical conditions across the hypoxic zone off the Louisiana continental shelf in July 2002 and July 2003. This area is characterized by high yet variable productivity and strong seasonal changes in vertical stratification and river discharge. Prior to 2003, this area was impacted by two tropical systems that could impact vertical stratification and mixing with offshore waters. The relationship between DO and DIC displayed three patterns: (1) In bottom waters, DO and DIC showed similar (opposing) trends in concentrations and stable isotopes in both years, largely associated with nutrients and algal biomass. (2) In 2002, DO and DIC concentrations in surface waters followed similar spatial patterns (reflecting algal biomass, salinity, and nutrients). However, due to different atmospheric gas exchange, DIC depletion exceeded DO supersaturation sixfold. Accordingly, short‐term (DO) and long‐term productivity (DIC) were on the same trajectory. (3) In 2003, DO and DIC were decoupled in surface waters. High DO concentrations correlated with algal biomass (recent production) while DIC concentrations followed salinity (past production). Understanding challenges and opportunities of using DO and DIC individually or combined is critical for quantifying metabolic patterns and capturing impacts of natural variability and climate change on eutrophic continental shelfs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".