Longitudinal changes in grey matter and cognitive performance over four years of healthy aging
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Normal aging is known to include declines in several cognitive domains, with parallel grey matter atrophy. However, there are inconsistencies in the largely cross-sectional literature as to which regions of grey matter show change over time, with some investigations reporting whole brain and others reporting more focal regions of atrophy. More longitudinal analyses are needed to better understand the neurostructural and functional changes that occur gradually in older adulthood. Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate changes in cognitive performance and grey matter atrophy in a sample of healthy older adults over four years. Methods: = 6.51, 54% female). Grey matter structure was assessed via voxel-based morphometry and cognition was measured across four domains (memory, executive function, language and visuospatial skills). Results: Results indicated widespread grey matter atrophy, including frontal, temporal, and subcortical regions. Cognitive performance was largely stable, with the exception of executive function, which showed significant decline over time. Conclusion: Findings indicate that cognitive abilities are largely preserved over a four year period, even when grey matter atrophy is present in the aging brain.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it