Applying Factor Analysis and the CCME Water Quality Index for Assessing Groundwater Quality of an Aegean Island (Rhodes, Greece)
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Globally, water quality indices (WQIs) are beneficial for evaluating groundwater and surface water quality. The Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) was combined with the parametric values given by Directive 98/83/EC to investigate the possible suitability of groundwater resources for human consumption on Rhodes Island. Chloride (Cl−), pH, calcium (Ca2+), electrical conductivity (CND), carbonate (CO32−), bicarbonate (HCO3−), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), sulfate (SO42−), sodium (Na+),nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), ammonium (NH4+), and phosphate (PO43−) were included in the dataset applied in this study. Statistical analysis, GIS database, and WQI estimation were successfully used to evaluate the groundwater resources of the study area. All studied groundwater parameters have mean and median values lower than the corresponding parametric values established by Directive 98/83/EC. The high CND values (up to 2730 μs cm−1) in groundwater collected from Rhodes’ coastal aquifers indicate a direct relationship with seawater intrusion. CCME-WQI classifies the groundwater samples for most monitoring stations on Rhodes aquifers as “excellent”, Class 5, for 2019 and 2020. The findings of this study may be helpful for scientists and stakeholders monitoring the study area and applying measures to protect the groundwater resources.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it