Real life evaluation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in type 1 diabetes and the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The indication for treatment of type 1 diabetes(T1D) with the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) dapagliflozin has been withdrawn in Europe likely because of concern for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We calculated the incidence of DKA in people with T1D treated with SGLT2i in Denmark. METHODS: Clinical data from adults with T1D in Denmark were collected from nine outpatient clinics. Electronic health records made the search for DKA accurate. RESULTS: From a population of 10.500 we observed 134 people treated with SGLT2i over a total period of 222 patient-years. Of those 72% were female, mean age (SD) was 51.4 (13.6) years and median duration of treatment (median, IQR) with an SGLT2i were 12.0 (6.0-29.0) months. The incidence of DKA was zero%. CONCLUSION: In 134 people with T1D treated with SGLT2i we found that none of the participants developed DKA during the treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".