Cloning, functional characterization and evaluating potential in metabolic engineering for lavender ( +)-bornyl diphosphate synthase
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The monoterpene (+)-borneol contributes scent and medicinal properties to some plants. It also is the immediate precursor to camphor, another important determinant of aroma and medicinal properties in many plants. (+)-borneol is generated through the dephosphorylation of bornyl diphosphate (BPP), which is itself derived from geranyl diphosphate (GPP) by the enzyme (+)-bornyl diphosphate synthase ((+)-BPPS). In this study we isolated and functionally characterized a novel (+)-BPPS cDNA from Lavandula x intermedia. The cDNA excluding its transit peptide was expressed in E. coli, and the corresponding recombinant protein was purified with Ni–NTA agarose affinity chromatography. The recombinant (+)-LiBPPS catalyzed conversion of GPP to BPP as the major product, and a few minor products. We also investigated the in planta role of (+)-LiBPPS in terpenoid metabolism through its overexpression in sense and antisense orientations in stably transformed Lavandula latifolia plants. The overexpression of (+)-LiBPPS in antisense resulted in reduced production of (+)-borneol and camphor without compromising plant growth and development. As anticipated, the overexpression of the gene led to enhanced production of borneol and camphor, although growth and development were severely impaired in most transgenic lines strongly and ectopically expressing the (+)-LiBPPS transgene in sense. Our results demonstrate that LiBPPS would be useful in studies aimed at the production of recombinant borneol and camphor in vitro, and in metabolic engineering efforts aimed at lowering borneol and camphor production in plants. However, overexpression in sense may require a targeted expression of the gene in glandular trichomes using a trichome-specific promoter.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".