Low-Temperature Selective Area Epitaxy of GaN Nanowires: Toward a Top-Surface Morphology Controllable, Fully Epitaxial Nanophotonic Platform
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires by selective area epitaxy (SAE) are an emerging platform for nanophotonic devices. Nonetheless, the use of a high substrate temperature in SAE limits the development of this technology. In this work, we report the SAE of GaN nanowires at low substrate temperatures by radio frequency plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Excellent selectivity is obtained at low substrate temperatures; the area without patterning is nearly free of any growth. Furthermore, a delicate control on the nanowire top-surface morphology is enabled by the low temperature epitaxy from an irregular shape to a hexagonal shape with semipolar top planes to a hexagonal shape with polar c-planes on top with controlled polar c-plane size. Such a low temperature SAE of GaN nanowires, together with the elegant control of the nanowire top-surface morphology, will enable a fully controllable, epitaxial nanophotonic platform, benefiting the development of a wide range of photonic devices such as light-emitting diodes, lasers, single photon sources, and multifunctional photonic devices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".