The United States Launches the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity and the Americas Partnership for Economic Prosperity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the European Union, legislation has also faced hurdles.Unanimity is required to approve the proposed directive implementing Pillar Two, but Poland and Hungary balked at agreeing to the measure.32 Eager to push the agreement forward, the EU and the United States sought to convince both states to reverse their opposition.Secretary Yellen visited Poland in mid-May, and on June 1 the EU offered Poland €35.4 billion in loans and grants in COVID-19 recovery aid, apparently as an inducement.33 By the middle of June, Poland indicated that it was dropping its opposition.34 Hungary, though, continues to dissent.On July 8, the United States notified Hungary that it is terminating the bilateral tax treaty between the two countries, reportedly because the "United States, across administrations, has had long-held concerns with Hungary's tax system and the Hungary treaty."35 Hungary is apparently working with congressional Republicans.36 With Hungary's opposition to the directive firm at the moment, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain announced in September that they would push forward regardless, either through the EU's "enhanced cooperation" procedure (which requires nine member states) or by enacting domestic legislation country-by-country.37 Draft legislation is pending in many countries outside of the EU, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Korea, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The United States Launches the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity and theAmericas Partnership for Economic Prosperity doi:10.1017/ajil.2022.68On May 23, 2022, in Tokyo, the United States, together with
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".